Dust-arrester



(No Model.)

B. W. HOOVER.

DUST ARRESTER.

Patented July 15, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELIAS "W. HOOVER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DUST-ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 432,200, dated July 15, 1890.

Application filed October 1, 1839- $erial No. 325,639. (No model.) I

To all whom, it nuty concern;

Be it known that I, ELIAS W. HOOVER, a

,citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dnst-Arresters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,that will enable others to make and use .the same, reference being had to the accompan ying drawings, forming a part of this s peeifieation.

The objectis to prevent the escape from the device into the atmosphere of any shavings or inflammable or explosive dust, the air being at the same time separated and ex pelled and prevented from entering with the body of refuse matter into the shavings or .dust vault and relieving the fan-blower from any back-pressure. These objects may be accomplished by the device illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a device embodying my improved features; Fig. 2, a vertical central section on the line 2 2, Fig. 5. Fig. 3 is a section on'the line 3 3, Fig. 1,10oking in the direction indicated by the arrow; Fig. 4, a vertical central section on the line 4 4, Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow; Fig. 5, a top or plan view; and Fig. 6, a horizontal section on the line 1;, Fig. 1.

The device is intended to be attached to the delivery end of a conveyer-pipe and operated by a fan-blower for the purpose of removing shavings, dust, and other fine refuse and conducting and depositing the same in a suitable receptacle.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a circular casing or shell having the chamber a and provided around a part of its outer circumference with the spiral circular duct 15, which gradually and uniformly diminishes in area from its initial to its terminal point, where it merges into the chamber a and runs out in the conical hopper or discharge-spout 0, attached to and projecting downwardly from the under side of the casing A. At the pointof junction with the receiving and discharging hopper C the inclosing horizontal wall on one side ismade to form the re-entering angle ct, the opposite corresponding side being somewhat curved or rounded out, as shown at (62, Fig. (3, whereby the discharge into the hopper 'is directed off to one side, so as to be tangential thereto, and thereby give a spiral downward motion to the incoming current from the duct B. The object of this feature is to cause the refuse matter to follow around the sides of the hopper and be more gradually discharged therefrom than if shot straight down and out of the hopper, thus giving the greater part of the current of air forced into the hopper a chance to separate from the shavings, dust, &c., into the center and escape upwardly through the relief-tube a leading from the conical discharge-hopper into the chamber a, where it mingles with the larger volume of air coming from the duct or circular passage B, and finally escapes into the atmosphere through the large openings a a in the sides of the casing, thus preventing any back pressure on the fan and allowin g but little air to pass in with the shavings and dust or other refuse matter.

As the circular duct 13 gradually decreases both in width and depth, and as its outer and large end Z), into which the refuse is forced from the blower-fan, is the measure of the volume received, it is obvious that only a constantly-diminishing part of this current, made up of shavings, dust, &c., can reniainin the duct B. Thus the residue of the current, which is of course the heavier part of it, is made to follow closely the inner circumferential bottom of the duct by the action of centrifugal force. That being the case, the lighter or air part of the current will naturally be displaced and forced into the central chamber a and expelled through the large central openings on each side of the casing by reason of the duct gradually diminishing in cross area. The greater volume of air forced in by the fan is thus carried past the conical discharge-hopper, and what does not escape through the central openings in the casing on the first circuit is again merged with the constantly-incol'nin g current and the operation of separating the air-current from the refuse repeated.

ICO

Having now outlined the general construciion and operation of the device shown, it remains to describe some peculiar features that facilitate these operations.

The concave-convex tangential deflectingplate D is secured on the inside of the casing at the point where the spiral duct merges into the discharge-hopper. This deflectingplate is set at an angle corresponding to that of the contracting sides of the dischargehopper, (see Fig. 2,) and arches over the terminal end I) of the spiral duct B, as shown in l I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Fig. 4. The guide-ribs d d (see Figs. 2, 3, and 4) are secured to or formed on the interior of the casing A and are located at the sides of the deflecting-plate D and diverge backward therefrom until they run out against the respective sides of the inclosing-casing. These ribs serve to guide the heavier particles of the refuse inwardly to and under the plate D and into the discharge-hopper. The larger volume of refuse closely follows the central line of the duct B and is deflected into the conical discharge-hopper. Should the refuse matter not be expelled in the first circuitit will pass over the deflecting-plate and again unite with the incoming volume, and so on continuously;

The sloping sides d d of the inclosingcasing (see Fig. 4) have the effect of throwing the heavier refuse into the bottom of the spiral or circular duct, so that it will more readily pass into and be discharged through the hopper.

The axial or central air-escape openings a a are provided with tubes (1 (1 which serve to trap the refuse and dust making the circuit of the casing and prevent the same from escaping with the air expelled, and also prevent the entrance of rain or snow. The airescape tube a projects both above and below the inclosing under side of the casing A, so as to curb or flange the passage through the same against the entrance of the refuse or dust, and thereby provide for the free escape of the air-current. By this arrangement the contents of the casing are kept in a continuous circuitous motion, thus insuring a nearlyperfect separation of the air from the refuse matter before the latter is discharged into the final receptacle 0r receiving-vault.

It will readily be seen that by this form of construction and operation a sufficient amount of air will not pass into the shavings-vault- ;to become a disturbing element; neither is it possible for the fan to be affected by any back-pressure.

Having thus described my invention, what 1. In a dust-arresting device of the character described, the combination of the cylindrical chambered casing having a curved duct extending part way around the periphery of ber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of a separating-chamber and its conveyer-duct, the receiving and discharge-hopper dependent from the casing, the deflecting-plate located at the point where the said duct merges into said hopper, and the guide-ribs diverging backward from said deflecting-plate until they run out against the inclosing-walls, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

ELIAS XV. HOOVER.

lVitnesses:

L. M. FREEMAN, J. B. DONALDSON. 

